BUENOS AIRES, Argentina (AP) 鈥� At 6 a.m., in the Mataderos neighborhood of , workers unload sides of beef from a truck outside a butcher shop as customers line up for wholesale purchases. Inside, 73-year-old owner Jorge Garc铆a and his staff prepare meat orders before dawn.
Among the stacks of beef boxes and red meat cuts hanging from metal hooks, chicken and pork are increasingly present.
Red meat consumption in Argentina 鈥� historically one of the world鈥檚 biggest consumers of beef 鈥� has fallen to its lowest level in two decades amid economic austerity measures imposed by .
As of April 2026, annual per capita beef consumption fell to 44.5 kilograms (98 pounds), down from 49.5 kilograms (109 pounds) during the same month a year earlier, according to the Agricultural Foundation for Argentina鈥檚 Development. In 2006, it was 63.4 kilos (139 pounds) per person.
鈥淧eople are switching to cheaper proteins. They鈥檙e eating pork, they鈥檙e eating chicken,鈥� said Garc铆a.
Analysts attribute the decline to soaring beef prices, lower cattle supply and . The opening of Argentina鈥檚 beef market to international trade has also pushed domestic prices closer to global levels.
鈥淏eef moved into a completely different purchasing-power category. Workers鈥� wages fell far behind,鈥� said Juampi Quintero, 25, a meat distributor who estimated consumption among his clients has fallen by more than half.
Less money for beef
Since coming into office in December 2023 with an annual inflation at 211%, Milei promised to eliminate what he called 鈥渢he cancer of inflation鈥� through an adjustment plan that included cuts equivalent to nearly one-third of public spending, symbolized by .
The government succeeded in reversing the fiscal deficit and achieving a budget surplus 鈥� a rare result in Argentina鈥檚 recent history 鈥� but the social cost of the has drawn criticism.
Within months, Milei鈥檚 administration eliminated 13 ministries, laid off about 30,000 public employees, halted public works projects and reduced funding for key areas such as education, healthcare and science, while also cutting subsidies for basic services such as electricity, gas, water and transportation.
鈥淭hat affects household income because families now have to pay more for services that were previously subsidized by the state,鈥� said economist Camilo Tiscornia. 鈥淎s a result, they have less disposable income and must give up certain more expensive goods, such as beef.鈥�
At the same time, household incomes did not rise at the same pace as beef prices, helping drive down consumption.
Wages for registered workers increased an average of 1.8% in February, the latest available data, compared with monthly inflation of 2.9%.
鈥淏efore, I had the freedom to buy what I wanted,鈥� said Alberto Brajin, a 61-year-old retiree who runs a streetside barbecue stall in Buenos Aires.
Brajin said he now has to 鈥渢rade down鈥� to cheaper proteins such as chicken.
Incomes drop, beef prices surge
Beef prices rose more than 60% over the past year, reaching an average of 18,500 pesos ($13) per kilogram in Buenos Aires in May, according to the Argentine Beef Promotion Institute.
In July 2025, Milei鈥檚 government reduced export taxes on beef and poultry and removed production quotas to encourage overseas sales, reversing part of the restrictions imposed under former President Alberto Fern谩ndez to curb rising domestic prices. The easing of export regulations came just as Argentina’s beef production dropped by more than 10 percent due to floods and droughts, according to CICCRA, the nonprofit organization that represents Argentina鈥檚 beef producers.
Argentina鈥檚 government said this week that beef exports rose 54% in the first quarter compared with a year earlier, totaling nearly 200,000 tons worth more than $1 billion. The increase followed a U.S. decision earlier this year amid American .
With the market opening up, producers began selling beef 鈥� once affordable across much of Argentina鈥檚 social spectrum 鈥� at prices closer to international levels.
鈥淧reviously, all meats had similar prices, which encouraged high beef consumption that did not reflect its real production costs,鈥� agricultural consultant Iv谩n Ord贸帽ez explained.
Shop owners learn to adapt
As beef becomes increasingly expensive for many Argentine families, chicken and pork are gaining ground as cheaper alternatives.
鈥淲e鈥檝e chosen to buy pork and chicken because beef is too expensive,鈥� said shop owner Ruth Simon.
Chicken costs an average of 4,900 pesos ($3.50) per kilogram, while pork ribs cost around 8,900 pesos ($6.30).
Garc铆a, the butcher shop owner, said he began selling chicken and pork less than a year ago after noticing changes in customers鈥� eating habits.
鈥淵ou have to adapt,鈥� he said. 鈥淲e can鈥檛 just sit around crying. No crying. We have to work. We have to keep our dignity. We have to fight.鈥�
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